What Is Encryption in Computer Security?

Data encryption is a powerful security measure. It converts sensitive information into unreadable gibberish that only the intended recipient is able decode the message. It is an essential part of digital transformation because it helps protect the security of data stored on or transmitted through networks or computer systems like the Internet. It offers integrity and authentication which ensures that the information isn’t altered or altered when it is stored or transmitted.

The process of encrypting data involves converting the original data official statement into a form that can only be read using a password or key. In most instances, the recipient is able to then translate the ciphertext back into its original form. Modern encryption techniques use algorithms to encrypt the original data into ciphertext. There are a variety of algorithms and methods used for this purpose, including substitution and transposition techniques. The Caesar cipher is a early example of a substitution cipher. Each letter is replaced with another one at fixed positions along the alphabet.

Encryption is often required to uphold compliance with the rules and regulations formulated by multiple organizations or standards bodies, including the Fair Credit Reporting Act and other consumer protection laws. It is a vital security measure to shield sensitive information about a business, client or a patient from cyberattacks. Retailers must, for example secure credit card information and shipping information when they transfer them between networks or between systems. The encryption process can safeguard the data stored on computers and USB devices from being stolen by hackers.